Skip to main content
NSAG / Modules / M3 · Psychedelic Harm Reduction
M3 Healthcare & Clinical

Psychedelic Harm Reduction

Psychedelic-assisted therapy is moving from research to clinical and community practice faster than governance frameworks are being built. The evidence is clear on what makes these services safe. Most institutions are not implementing them.

View Assessment Status → See the Evidence
The Governance Problem

Why This Module Exists

FDA Breakthrough Therapy designations for psilocybin (2018, 2019), the NEJM psilocybin trial, and the JAMA Psychiatry RCT establish clinical legitimacy for psychedelic-assisted therapy. Johnson, Richards and Griffiths (2008) established the foundational governance principle: adverse events in clinical psychedelic contexts are shaped more by the quality of set, setting, and supervision than by the pharmacological properties of the compounds. The governance infrastructure of the session determines the safety profile of the intervention.

Evidence Base

The Research Foundation

Johnson, Richards & Griffiths (2008)
Journal of Psychopharmacology DOI →

Foundational safety guidelines across eight domains. Persisting adverse reactions rare when followed.

Davis et al. (2021)
JAMA Psychiatry DOI →

RCT. GRID-HAMD response 71% at week 4 (≥50% symptom reduction), waiting-list controlled. Session protocol governance central to safety profile.

Carhart-Harris et al. (2021)
New England Journal of Medicine DOI →

Landmark NEJM comparison trial. No serious adverse events under structured session protocols.

Six Governance Dimensions

What the Assessment Measures

The prototype organizes reflection across six proposed governance dimensions. It does not produce a validated institutional score, audit, accreditation, or certification.

1 Participant Screening Protocols
2 Preparation & Informed Consent
3 Physical & Interpersonal Setting Standards
4 Facilitator Training & Scope of Practice
5 Adverse Event Classification & Response
6 Integration Support
PIONEERING Governance

What the Highest Tier Looks Like

PIONEERING — Fully Implemented Governance

Written contraindication criteria reviewed annually; preparation protocol ≥2 sessions; physical setting standards documented and inspected annually; minimum facilitator training hours documented with scope of practice agreement; three-tier adverse event classification; ≥3 integration sessions within 30 days post-session.

The full tier operationalization — PIONEERING through EARLY STAGE, with specific observable criteria for all six dimensions — is documented in the Framework Foundation.

Who Should Prioritize This Module

Built for These Institutions — and the People Inside Them

Psychedelic therapy programs · Retreat centers · Harm reduction organizations · Indigenous ceremony facilitators (with M13 governance) · Festival medical teams · Mental health clinics expanding into psychedelic-assisted therapy

And anyone entering a session. Participants, clients, and their families — the set, setting, and supervision this governs are what separate a safe experience from a harmful one for you.

Related Modules

What to Assess Next

M13 Traditional & Complementary Medicine Governance M1 Trauma-Informed Legal Space M4 Cannabis Public Health Infrastructure
Space Law Application

Applied to Space and Extreme Environments

M3 (Psychedelic Harm Reduction Governance) is the module that started the space law conversation. Johnson, Richards and Griffiths (2008) established that adverse events in psychedelic contexts are shaped more by set, setting, and supervision governance than by pharmacological properties. In long-duration spaceflight, psilocybin and related compounds have documented potential for addressing the depression, PTSD, and psychological distress that astronauts face on extended missions. The governance infrastructure for therapeutic psychedelic use in off-Earth clinical contexts does not yet exist. This module is the foundation for building it.

M14: Space Governance → M15: Isolation & Confinement →

Review the M3 assessment prototype.

Review the module scope and proposed dimensions. The assessment remains an educational prototype; no email report or institutional finding is active.

View Assessment Status → Book a Discovery Call